Paeonia kesrouanensis (or P. turcica depending on your views). Naturally growing along the eastern Mediterranean countries at higher elevations under some shadow from trees and shrubs. From south-eastern Turkey downwards to Syria and Lebanon. In southern and south-western Turkey the P. turcica, which is supposedly a synonym according to Hong, is rather different IMHO. A bit difficult to grow as it cannot stand wet soil during Summer, I’ve lost a couple of plants that way. It also has the strange habit of flowering before the leaflets are fully grown, although there are differences between plants (see the images with a second plant growing next to the other already fading one). It is also by far the earliest species to flower. At some places it grows together with P. mascula ssp mascula, but mascula has tomentose carpels whilst kesrouanensis has very large glabrous carpels with huge seeds.