Cultivars

Growing in bushes and grasslands, but also in open woods, at altitudes from lowlands to 2,300 m, but to 3,400 m in Sichuan Province (Kangding), China. In E Asia: China, the Korea Peninsula, E Mongolia, and Russia (the Far East and SE Siberia).

The most distinct character of Paeonia lactiflora is the cartilaginous thickening along the leaf margins, which are dentate—spinose on these thickenings.
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(Saunders, 1953) - Double - Pale Pink - Hybrid. Albiflora x lobata. List in Bulletin 129.

Award of Landscape Merit (ALM) description: 'Cytherea' (Saunders, 1953) Herbaceous Hybrid, Early, 24? — Intense, warm rose-colored, semi-double flowers carried on strong, upright stems begin bloom as closed, symmetrical balls that gradually open to a bowl shape, six inches across. Blooms keep well on the plant, remaining viable for up to a week as they slowly turn from warm rose to peachy pink to cream to ghost white. Blooms can open intermittently, so blooms at various stages of development and color may be present on a single bush. Young blooms are reflexive, protecting themselves from inclement weather by closing up and reopening when the weather breaks and the sky lightens. Foliage is subject to summer senescence due to heat and water stress. Plants may take some extra time to get established, with ten-year-old plants maturing to not more than 18 stems. Reputed to grow well as far south as Birmingham, Alabama, with Regina, Saskatchewan appearing to approach its northern limit. Roots are adventitious and small, even for a hybrid, so divisions may appear fragile though plentiful; a three year old plant can yield four standard three–five eyed divisions with six to eight smaller, substandard “plantbacks” (Editor’s Note: “Plantbacks” are substandard divisions either with less root or fewer eyes, not saleable but too good to discard and good enough to use as propagation stock). Poorly stored roots may be more susceptible to fungus and rot than most. 1980 Gold Medalist

stamen: one of the male organs of a flower, consisting typically of a stalk (filament) and a pollen-bearing portion (anther)

Seedling SL4. First bloomed, and propagated, 2006. SINGLE. Parentage: 'Prosperity Maud' x open pollinated. An advanced generation hybrid open pollinated offspring of 'Prosperity Maud'. The foliage is mid green with slightly purple leaf axils. The leaf margins are smooth and the leaves have sparse trichomes on the reverse. The stems are glabrous and thick. Though the plant stands without support it has a spreading or open crown. Height 70 cm (28"). The light pink flowers are neither cupped nor flat but present with the exterior petals flexed backwards as the flower ages. Petal substance is stiff and the flowers hold their colour very well over time. Two to 3 flowers per stem. Appears to resist early frost damage very well and reliably produces perfectly formed symmetrical flowers. The centre flares are discrete and are an intensifying salmon pink which gives the flowers greater visual depth. The filament ring is generous and tidy. Pollen and seeds. 'Sandra’s Spirit' flowers at approximately the same time as 'Red Charm'. Named in honour of Sandra Lawrence, an exemplary Wife, Mother and Gardener. A donation was made to Le Nichoir Wild Bird Rehabilitation Centre for the privilege of naming this peony.

plant hairs

Without hairs.

(officinalis rubra x lactiflora} A sensation at recent peony shows. Perfect double bomb type, rich red collar of big petals, full and sturdy plant, no stamens, rather long pale green pistils.

From the Dutch peony testing series in 1998((footnote: Kortmann, J. "Paeonia: pioen." In: Dendroflora, 1998, vol 35, pp 58-95.)), own translation:
'Red Charm' (Glasscock, USA, 1944) (P. lactiflora x P. officinalis) Flowers dark red, very large, double, centre filled with many deep red petaloids, surrounded by two circles of large petals; leaves rather large, dull green; upperside somewhat irregular; height 100 cm; stems rather sturdy; number of stems mediocre. This American cultivar is remarkable thanks to its magnificent colour and the enormously large flowers, which need support to remain upright, despite the plant having sturdy stems. The mediocre number of stems and the development of so called 'necks' on the roots inhibited propagation and distribution at large scale for some time. 'Red Charm' is reportedly somewhat susceptible toward botrytis, which was also noted by the review commission. It is a good garden plant, despite some negative characteristics.

The upper angle formed by a leaf or branch and the axis bearing it (main stem)

Double type; very large; late. Dark rose-pink, edged a trifle lighter, with inconspicuous red edges on a few central petals, and an occasional golden yellow anther in the collar; agreeably fragrant, but not especially so. Medium height; floriferous; strong stems. Good foliage. Very popular, and considered one of the best exhibition flowers. It is somewhat undependable in blooming and of no special value for garden decoration. "A very reliable and abundant bloomer with me."—Saunders. "Not reliable with me but a very beautiful flower."—Boyd.

From the Dutch peony testing series in 1998((footnote: Kortmann, J. "Paeonia: pioen." In: Dendroflora, 1998, vol 35, pp 58-95.)) , own translation:
'Sarah Bernhardt' (Lemoine, France, 1906). Flowers pink, double, petal edges pale pink to silvery white (total colour impression hardly influenced by this), small red flecks on some petals in the center (hardly conspicuous); leaves mid large, lustreless with a brownred glow, upperside of stems slightly brownred, height 95 cm, flowers and stems sturdy; number of stems excellent. This cultivar from France is widespread worldwide and well-know thanks to its good qualities. Thanks to the sturdiness of the stems it is an appropriate cultivar both for the garden and cutflowers. This follows from the next figures: in 1995 at the auction in Aalsmeer some 3 million stems of it were sold, same thing in 1996. Despite the fact that this cultivar is somewhat susceptible towards botrytis, the positive characteristics like sturdiness, flower colour, leaf quality and number of stems predominate. It should also be noted that around 1900 other cultivars with the same name were offered in the trade, more precisely from Calot and Dessert, these never made any marks.

Remark from koen hurtekant: the "sturdiness" of the stems is heavily overstated, the fact that it is the largest cultivar both in plants and number of cutflower stems may make the review somewhat biased IMHO.

Semi-double type; large; midseason. Several rows of fluffy, crepe-like petals of clear, light pink, serrated at tips toward the center; stamens very prominent; anthers golden yellow, with paler filaments; carpels green, pink at base, with striking crimson stigmas. A flat flower of clean, saucer-like form, rather recalling the shape of LA ROSIÈRE but not so double. Habit of plant not known.

Award of Landscape Merit (ALM) description: 'Minnie Shaylor' (Shaylor, 1919) Lactiflora Group, Mid-season, 38? — Several rows of fluffy crepe-like petals that become narrower and more finely cut toward the center, open light pink and quickly brighten to white; semi-double. Flower center is striking with prominent, bright red stigmas poking through a boss of golden yellow sta mens. Flowers are flat, drain well and bloom close to the bush. Dark green foliage provides an excellent foil. Under optimum circumstances, initial flowers bloom en masse and within a few days as they begin to lose their freshness, the blossoms drop all of their petals seemingly at once, leaving a clean bush with a “shadow” of white petals on the ground. A day or so later another flush of bloom follows, repeating the cycle. Even under less than ideal conditions, 'Minnie Shaylor' looks neat and trim, surviving Mother Nature and growers’ neglect. Pre-bloom buds are attractive with a striping of raspberry on white at their tips. Post-bloom foliage persists with adequate moisture. Reputed to grow well as far south as Birmingham, Alabama and verified as an exceptional and reliable performer in Shreveport, Louisiana. One of the very best tall landscape peonies.

Widely distributed from the Iberian Peninsula to the Balkans via France, Italy and Switzerland.
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Herbaceous hybrid. Double. Lacti x officinalis. Crimson red bomb. Buds like rosebuds.

Herbaceous hybrid. Single. Lacti x tenuifolia. Bright crimson. Fragrant. Sold also under the following names, anomala, anamala Smouthi, and laciniata.

Paeonia mlokosewitschii. Image by Dimitri Zubov
Leaves biternate [divided twice into three parts], leaflets oblong, more rarely obovate [egg-shaped with the narrow end at the base], shortly acuminate [tapering to a short point], glaucous [blue-green] above, of a different pale color beneath and shortly puberulous [covered in fine, short hairs], with yellow flowers, spreading petals, and tomentose [densely fuzzy] carpels that are arched-spreading.

Saunders No. 14400. Hybrid, yellow, single two or three rows of petals. Parentage. Saunders lactiflora No. 1026 X Saunders 4710 (Mloka X Macro). Good substance, floriferous. One to three buds per stem. Has pollen. Seeds occasionally. Sturdy upright stems. 35" tall. Very earl

Hybrid, apricot buff with crimson flares. Single. Parentage, Quadruple hybrid. Excellent substance, one to three buds per stem. Not especially fertile as a pod and pollen parent. Sturdy upright stems, 36" in height. Very early and very vigorous with deep

Seedling No. RAISS 62. Parentage unknown. First year bloomed 2013, first propagated 2013. SINGLE, two flowers per stem, 4-5 inches (10-13 cm). Scarlet red petals, rounded and cupped, flares absent. Stamens present, pollen absent. Filaments pink at base, yellow at tip. Sheath watermelon red, complete. Average of 5 carpels, green, sparsely hairy. Stigmas watermelon, normal anatomy, no seeds. Fragrance. Early foliage emerges burgundy, matures to green. Typical Itoh Group foliage. Upright mounded growth habit, height to 30 inches (76 cm).

Remark: registered as Scarlet Splash, but all other intersectionals registered from these originators are named 'Flash', thus we assume it is Scarlet Flash.

filament: the stalk of a stamen

23". Single, vivid deep wine red, stamens all lemon yellow, has pollen, white pistils with pink tops.

Leaf tip or base circular, no distinct point.

carpel: an organ at the centre of a flower, bearing one or more ovules and having its margins fused together or with other carpels to enclose the ovule in an ovary, and consisting also of a stigma and usually a style.

[caption id="attachment_29279" align="alignleft" width="476"] Carpel of P. ludlowii, showing ovary, style and stigma[/caption]

Stigma: the pollen-receptive surface of a carpel or group of fused carpels, usually sticky.

[caption id="attachment_29279" align="alignleft" width="476"] Carpel of P. ludlowii, showing ovary, style and stigma[/caption]

Plant anatomy is the scientific discipline that deals with the study of the inner structure of plants, examining their internal structures

D. VE. R. Seedling No. 9 R 28. Albiflora x Sunbeam Off. Single, very bright red, medium height and size. Seedling # 9 R 28.

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Parentage - unknown - chance seedling - might be of Mons Jules Elie. First bloom 1974 - a full double, all subsequent years blooms single. Single light pink lactiflora - early to midseason bloom, no fragrance. 32 inches in height, many stems, stiff and wirey. A very nice plant but not valued for its beauty of flower but rather for the hybridizer. A proven seed parent for the Itoh hybrids. Highly fertile both ways with large seeds in great abundance. An apparent break-through for the hybridizer. Seedling # S 172

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P. officinalis Rubra Plena. Species: P. officinalis. History: Origin very ancient, doubtful. DESCRIPTION IN BRIEF: Bomb, amarante red, very early, good. DESCRIPTION IN DETAIL: Bomb type, the typical old double red of our grandmothers’ gardens. They usually have carpels which are woolly, but well concealed, foliaceous bracts directly under the flower, no stamens or anthers. Color amarante red 4(168), even throughout. Size medium to large. Odor neutral to unpleasant. Foliage glabrous above, pilose beneath, margins entire and green — typical officinalis foliage.

Carsten Burkhardt: "The precise classification of herbaceous peonies in this group is problematic, as many cultivars identified as Paeonia officinalis in the 20th century are actually descendants of Paeonia peregrina. Until the 1930s, all peregrina types were also referred to as Paeonia officinalis. I doubt that a large part of this group has anything to do with Paeonia officinalis at all—starting with the well-known common garden peony 'Officinalis Rubra Plena,' which is either a cultivar of Paeonia peregrina or (more likely) a hybrid of Paeonia peregrina and another wild species, perhaps Paeonia officinalis."

Parentage: Anderson seedling 5019-167, pollen parent unknown. An unnamed seedling received as a gift from Roger Anderson. First year bloomed 2009, first propagated 2010. Early/Mid season bloom period. Three blooms per stem, the primary flower SEMI-DOUBLE to DOUBLE, with sidebuds SINGLE (young plants tend to have single flower form). Size 4-8 inches (10-20 cm); the side buds at the smaller end of the range with the main flowers larger, normally attaining maximum size when side buds are absent. Flowers open pale yellow, quickly fading to delicate cream. Guard petals rounded, their edges shallowly crenulated. Inner petals twisted, variably notched, somewhat ruffled. Pollen-bearing stamens embedded among petals at center, filaments light yellow. Average of 4 carpels, cream colored, sparsely hairy. Stigmas cream colored, normal anatomy. Fertile. Staminodal disc consisting of a few white projections. Bottle-green broad pointed foliage neatly frames up facing flowers. Upright growth habi, height to 36 inches (92 cm), mechanical support aids not needed. Named after the German philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer (1788-1860) who took solace in the beauty found in a world in which suffering and death were ubiquitous.

Parentage unknown, but it originated from seeds and plants collected by Sir Peter Smithers in Japan, from which seeds of these made their way to Dr. Bürge in Switzerland, and in turn seedlings of those were obtained by Rolf Vogt and Anna Katharina Vogt-Barth. 'Schweizer Spitze' is a selection from those seedlings. First bloomed 2005. First propagated 2017. SEMI-DOUBLE. Large white flowers, 1 per stem, 8½ inches in size (21 cm). Petals are ruffled, frilled, notched, but evenly so, giving the overall lacy effect for which the flower is named. Carpels 5 in number, white-yellowish, with stigmas the same, somewhat feathered but capable of seed production. Pollen bearing stamens. Sheath white-yellowish. Fragrance. Growth habit is broadly spreading, mature height 40 inches (100 cm). Early to mid-season bloom period. The name gives reference to the Swiss city of St Gallen, renowned for lace and embroidery production as early as the 15th century and continuing to the present, albeit on a much smaller scale

Date received: January 5, 2020. Seedling No: SPKS. Parentage: ‘Old Faithful’ x ‘Sunny Boy’. First bloomed 2005, first propagated 2008. Blooms midseason. SEMI-DOUBLE to DOUBLE. One flower per stem, 7-9 inches in size (18-23 cm). A loosely-packed double normally with the carpels and stamens at center visible, thus technically could be shown as semi-double at exhibition. Creamy-yellow petals with prominent raspberry pink to red flares extending 30-40% of petals’ length. Two or three rows of large guard petals, 3 inches in width (7½ cm), generally rounded, cupped, shallowly notched. Inner petals smaller, somewhat twisted, ruffled. Carpels 4-6 in number, light green, moderately hairy, the hairs white. Stigmas are raspberry pink (same as flares)with normal anatomy and capable of seed production. A few pollen-bearing stamens present, the filaments pale yellow. Disc obscure. Broad pointed green foliage. Height to 24 inches (61 cm), flowers held without need of mechanical support. Fragrant. Awarded Certificate of Merit at 2014 APS Annual Exhibition, Mansfield, Ohio (Bulletin #371, September 2014, pg 23). Named for the registrant’s Aunt.

Lutea hybrid Parentage—Golden Isle x Daphnis fertile pollens First bloomed 1971 Yellow, reddish flares, stamens, pollen, seeds, fragrant. One to three buds per stem, moderate amount of bloom, sturdy stems, flowers held high above the foliage, 5' height. Bloom in lutea hybrid season, sturdy growth, heavy textured leaves. Carpels green, cream stigmatic tips, reddish maroon flares at base of petals, radiates outward. Very light reddish picotee edge on most petals, very heavy petal substance. Fertile pod and pollen. Seedling # A199

A seedling from Avalanche and Mildred May. Height 38 inches. Good dark GREEN FOLIAGE RIGHT TO THE GROUND. Stems are strong and stiff; it holds flowers very erect. Midseason to late. Stands heat, wind and rain well. Bud is pure white. Looks well before completely open. Flower opens well and is a rose type with about six rows of guard petals, which holds its shape throughout the life of the flower. Most of the blooms are pure white, but occasionally there are a few flecks of red on two or three of the center petals. These are hardly noticeable. Has some fragrance. I have tested this peony for the last 10 years. I think I have finally got the peony worthy of the name Peace. Note: This Registration Was Filed In 1955 To Be Introduced In 1965. See Gist — Variety Check List 1956.

Chinese Dragon (Saunder, 1948). Lutea hybrid.

Single; 10-14 petals, purple-crimson. Flares large and dark. Filaments coarse, maroon. Stigmas almost crimson; sheath purple. Foliage luxuriant, finely cut, with bronze tips. Stems purplish-crimson. This variety should perhaps be classed in Group 5.

Note: Awarded the American Peony Society’s Gold Medal in 1983.

study of the size, shape, and structure of animals, plants, and microorganisms and of the relationships of their constituent parts

Seedling #SH-50. Parentage: Seidl #SH-8 ('Age of Gold' x Daphnis 223) x Seidl #SH-11 (Daphnis 223 x 'Chinese Dragon'). Named by Kris Casey of Manitowoc, for the colored sandstone cliffs around Sedona, AZ. First bloomed in 1987. Has had prior distribution as 'Sedona'. A many petaled SINGLE (pushing towards semi double) with 12-13 petals, dusky red with darker flares, and dark sheath. Flares are short, about 10% of petal’s length, and have a blurred edge. Under some conditions petal color appears as a cream base with a heavy wash of red-pink. Carpels are green, smooth, and have pink stigmas with normal morphology. Pollen bearing stamens are light red at the base and yellow towards the tip. The seed was harvested in 1983, had delayed germination to late 1984 and bloomed in spring 1987. Seedlings from 'Sedona' often have the same rapid development. Plants grow to about 40 inches (100 cm), have large, heavy foliage that is deeply cut, colored deep green, and flushed purple along the edges. The growth habit is to spread and is quite stoloniferous. Bloom is heavy and there are seldom terminal buds available for grafting. Flowers are side facing and some lower buds my lay on the ground. Flower stems usually produce 3 to 4 buds per stem. Seed fertility is high and seedlings produced have same robust characteristics of Sedona. Resulting offspring are often double, fertile, well-formed and have good carriage.

a leaf is 'segmented' when it consists of pieces of various shapes, which are more or less separated from one another

Parentage: Unnamed Seidl seedling (74 H III-2 x 'Sunny Boy') x open pollination. 74 H III-2 is (Roselette’s Grandchild II x 'Cream Delight'). Year of first bloom not recorded, first propagated 2008. DOUBLE. Clear light bright yellow petals, without the flares you might expect inherited from 'Sunny Boy'. Guards are rounded and 7 cm in width (2¾ inches). Three flowers per stem, flowers 16 cm in diameter (6½ inches). Carpels are pale yellow-green and variable in number from 1–4. Stigmas are cerise red and may be found with normal anatomy or feathered. Seed fertile, which along with pollen bearing light yellow stamens offers breeding possibilities. Blooms mid/late season. Stems to 80 cm (32 inches) with a spreading growth habit that benefits from support in the garden, but for cut flower production this will not be an issue. 'Seidl’s Super' produces a high stem count compared to herbaceous hybrids in general. Contributing also to its suitability for cut flower production are the large smooth sealed buds which protect against degradation in storage or adverse weather conditions (incidence of open buds is very low). Named to honor William (Bill) Seidl, Manitowoc, Wisconsin, USA, and to recognize his significant contributions to peony breeding, not only in the USA, but also in New Zealand. Correct pronunciation of Seidl rhymes with idle, which Bill certainly is not.

Also known as "Laning's Best Yellow." Parentage, Quad F3 x Moonrise. First bloomed 1975. Full double of medium yellow color with purple red flares at the petal base. Foliage deep green, 30" height, standing fairly erect. Sets seeds and reports are that the pollen is highly effective on difficult crosses. Seedling # 99.

35". Single. Clear pink, big flowers, a bit crinkled and mottled, 6 inches wide. Average number of flowers, big heavy long bright golden stamens. Near white pistils have red tops. Fairly dense plant, big leaves, flowers carried high above bush.

Award of Landscape Merit (ALM) description: 'Roselette' (Saunders, 1950) Herbaceous Hybrid, Very early, 36?, Strong scent — Second generation hybrid descended from P. lactiflora, P. mlokosewitschi and P. tenuifolia; single. For those chomping at the bit each spring, 'Roselette' is prized for its early blooms that usher in the season of full size peonies. Each warm pink bloom is cupped and crinkled, consisting of nine or ten petals with occasional hairline streaks of cool red running their length along vein lines. A feather flare of light pink is evident on the backside of the petals. Stamen filaments are lighter and more lemon in color than the stamens. Carpels are light lemon green and tipped deep red. Erect stems hold blooms high above the bush. Mature blooms remain attractive withstanding early spring winds. Light green foliage is dense and, if Roselette is well situated and watered, durable all season, a legacy of its big-leafed peony heritage, P. macrophylla. A model of health above ground, so too 'Roselette' is below, with unearthed six-year old plants showing no evidence of root rot. Establishes and increases stem count quickly. Propagates readily by division, yielding superior “wagon wheel” type bare roots, attached to three–five eyed crown. Also propagates by adventitious roots. Suitable for landscape only.

22". Single, pink bright, rather large. Stamen stems long white with cream tops, near white pistils.

Seedling number not known. Parentage: Mons. Jules Elie x Mlokosewitschi. This variety represents the only successful cross ever made, using lactiflora, x Mlokosewitschi. It is true light creamy yellow single. Its guard petals are well rounded and crinkled and form a large cupped flower of great beauty. Its filaments are yellow supporting orange colored anthers, which are usually numerous. It sets abundant seed. It has hairy white carpels and light pink stigmas. The stems are about 28 inches tall and are thin, but stiff. Its foliage is pink in the Spring. It is a vigorous grower and has excellent plant habit.

Called Silver Dawn F3 (along with others). Parentage Third generation 'Silver Dawn' on pod parent line. First bloomed, unknown. Very early single hybrid, medium height. Ivory yellow with lavender filaments and small flares. Proven parent of wanted quality, early pastel and patterned flowers. Large flowers and leaflets. Descendant of Saunders hybrid 'Silver Dawn,' distributed first by Silvia Saunders on breeder list along with others designated 'Silver Dawn F3;' this clone otherwise known as 'Phersons Silver Dawn F3' and a name is registered now to eliminate duplicate identities. Moderate increase, pollen, seeds easily.

the sepals of a flower, typically forming a whorl that encloses the petals and forms a protective layer around a flower in bud.

White, semi-double, blush, fades to white. Early. Type of Minnie Shaylor and Sylvia Saunders but a decided improvement on these. Very large flower of good substance. Some flowers develop center petals in wet season. Average height, strong stems. A peony of the highest quality. Seedling No. 20—Honorable Mention, American Peony Society, June 21, 1931, Century of Progress, Chicago. Seedling # 20.

A bright red bomb. Officinalis X Chinensis Hybrid.

Yellow full double tetraploid hybrid, becomes bomb-shaped, yellow guards. Center has two shades of yellow, many yellow petals and petalodes tinged peach at base start off spotted green. Opens as large compact green-yellow globe, distinct green blotches slowly fade with growth of crown. Good stems and foliage, very heavy roots, floriferous, fragrant, one of the last hybrids. Bloomed first 2000.

Single. Light pinkish lavender, bright, average sized flowers, white pistils with red tops. 22" tall.

Covered with dull colored woolly hairs. Short and entirely covering the ovaries. Found in most peony species.

Chinese shrubby cultivar, not registered with the APS.

From: Peony Group Limited

Peony Name: Shi Ba Hao:

牡丹十八号：中花；中度喜光稍耐半阴；喜温和；具有一定耐寒性；忌酷热；适宜高燥；惧湿涝。千层台阁型；；花蕾呈圆尖形； 桃红色；花径15cm×6cm外瓣较大3～4轮；基部具紫红色晕;内瓣短小；曲褶密集；瓣间常杂有少量雄蕊。

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Double type; very large; early. White, with prominent crimson flakes on a few central petals; fairly fragrant. Tall; very floriferous; stems usually strong. Foliage large, dark green. Excellent for both garden decoration and cutting. The flowers are globular, with wide petals of heavy substance, loosely arranged, and last well when cut. An old, thoroughly tested variety whose merit is proved by its very great popularity. "Does not last well when cut. Chicago market says it is a poor cut-flower."— Brand. "Splashed, streaked, and edged with crimson. Usually flatfish rather than globular."—Saunders. "Stems good but not rigid by any means—rather spreading."—Little.

(ex Holland, before 1953) Double - Blush - Early. This beautiful variety is the result of a crossing between Festiva Maxima and Mme. Edouard Doriat, 20 yrs. ago. This variety flowers a week before the well known early flowering variety, Festiva Maxima. The color is a beautiful light rose which changes into white, exceptionally large in size, 8" in diameter. An outstanding variety as a cut flower for its firm stems and early flowering period. Smirnow ad, Bulletin 129.

From the Dutch peony testing series in 1998((footnote: Kortmann, J. "Paeonia: pioen." In: Dendroflora, 1998, vol 35, pp 58-95.)), own translation:
'Shirley Temple' (Smirnow, USA, before 1948) (P. 'Festiva Maxima' x P. 'Madame Edouard Doriat') Flowers soft pink, fading to white, flower size 20 cm, double, early (a week earlier compared to 'Festiva Maxima'); leaves large, shining satiny green; height 80 cm; stems both thick and thin (variable); number of stems good. This cultivar has a unique colour and is most wanted. It is a good garden plant and also a muche requested cutflower. At the auction 'Shirley Temple' has a top 5 place, despite the fact that the buds are less attractive. Vase life is excellent, some 10-17 days. It turns out there is some susceptibility towards botrytis, which corresponds well with growers experiences.

Single. 8 petals. Flowers erect, faint lavender pink becoming white, has crinkly spots, rather big flowers, crimson filaments, stigmas and disc. 25" tall.

anther: pollen-bearing structure in the stamen (male organ) of the flower usually located on top of the filament of the stamen

Seedling S39. Parentage unknown. First year bloomed 1999, first propagated 2000. SEMI-DOUBLE to DOUBLE with both forms appearing on the same plant, but double form predominates. Dark red flowers, 3-4 per stem, 18 cm. diameter (7 inches). No fragrance. Very dark red foliage at emergence, with stems remaining red at flowering. Has pollen and seeds. Height to 90 cm (36 inches), with upright growth habit. Midseason bloom. Siegfried is the son of Sigmund and Sieglinde, and kills the dragon (Fafner).

Seedling S18. Parentage unknown. First year bloomed 1999, first propagated 2000. A NOVELTY type of flower with pink guard petals, stamens transformed to narrow yellow petals, but also with additional pink petals arising from the centre of the flower. It is thus neither a Japanese form nor an anemone form, both of which are transformed singles. Two to four fragrant flowers per stem, size to 20 cm diameter (8 inches). No pollen and no seeds. Height to 80 cm (32 inches). Free standing, with a spreading growth habit. Mid to late season bloom. Fafner is a giant, who with his brother Fasolt built Valhalla for Wotan. He later takes on a dragon’s form.

Growing mostly in deciduous broad-leaved forests, pine forests or mixed forests, less frequently in grasses. The species prefers calcarious soils and is found usually at altitudes from 50 to 1,500 m. Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Italy (Mt San Donato di Ninea), Macedonia, Moldova, Romania, Serbia and Turkey.

The most distinct character of Paeonia peregrina is its always teeth-lobed leaflets or segments, which distinguish it readily from P. officinalis and P. saueri. The other distinct characters are tuberous or fusiform lateral roots, leaflets or segments often with bristles along veins on the upper surface, and dark-red and cup-shaped corollas.
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Bright crimson advanced-generation hybrid single with green carpels and pink stigmata. Compactly arranged red and yellow stamens. Vigorous, upright, tall bush of a faintly bluish green. Early bloom. Seedling # MI 1

Silly Sally (Klehm, 2000) Lactiflora. Cactus type dahlia style lactiflora. First bloomed 1993. Matching double row of guard petals, soft cream pink with soft pink streaking. Staminodes are a combination of pink and cream. 24 inches in height, strong stems, blooms mid to late, one to three buds per stem, no fragrance. Seedling # K 93-9

Silver Swan (1942) 28". Single, nearly-white with flush of peach pink at base of petals on first opening. Big glistening flowers. Long lavender-based stamen-stems, with deep cream tops.

Seedling No. 595/80. Parentage: P. lactiflora 'Edulis Superba' (♀) x P. lactiflora 'President Taft' (♂). Seeds sown in 1972, selected for propagation in 1980. Entered into the State Register of Plant Varieties of Ukraine in 1999 (Certificate No. 1055). FULL DOUBLE flower consisting of many, closely set petals, forming a large flower having a high-built silhouette, 6¾-7½ inches (17-19 cm) diameter, by 2¾-3 inches (7-8 cm) in height, 2-4 flowers per stem. Petals pink with a suggestion of lilac (RHS 73-B). No fertility seen, none is expected, carpels and stamens invariably absent. Very fragrant. Late Midseason to Late bloom season. Upright growth habit to 39-43 inches in height (100-110 cm). Strong stems make an upright bush that rarely will need further support. The name of the variety `Skarbnytsia` means - a jewel, a treasury

Officinalis hybrid, early, single red. Stamens red with yellow anthers in ring around seed vessels. Form of bud, round. Stem, 34 inches. Foliage, broad, light green. Very slight odor. Three-year-old plant. A very large, strong growing hybrid. Large light

Seedling 16350 F2. Hybrid, blush pink, semi-double. It has stamens, pollen and seeds. Most reliable. Excellent substance, 32" in height. Fragrant, early to midseason bloom. Large medium green foliage. Sometimes the flower has so many petaloids in the center that it is close to double. This seedling came via the Reath Nursery. It was named by David Reath and registerd by Caprice Farm Nursery, August 15, 1991.

18". Single. Small flowers white edged with bright pink. Tops of pistils are red, stems of stamens are red. Plant dense, big leaves.

Usually growing in steppes, meadows, open sandy dunes, shrubs, or at the edges of forests. Paeonia tenuifolia seems to prefer dry habitats, and was found growing at lowlands below an altitude of 900 m. Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Georgia, Romania, Russia (the Caucasus), Serbia, Turkey (European part) and Ukraine.

Paeonia tenuifolia as circumscripted here is a very distinct species. It has the finest leaflets/leaf segments and the greatest number of leaflets/leaf segments of any peony species.
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Spectacular cup-shaped white hybrid semi-double. The somewhat serrated petal-edges of the white bowl include within their circumference yellow filaments and white-yellow carpels with pink stigmata. Floriferous. Seed-fertile. Tallish bush has hybrid vigor. Leaflets of a fairly light green are veined and large. First bloomed 2001. Early. Seedling # RA 14.

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The pollen-receptive surface of a carpel, usually sticky. It sits above the ovary on the style.

Bowl of Cream (Klehm, 1963). Lactiflora.

Full double rose type, long lasting flowers, large size bloom; clean glistening cream white, having hidden golden stamens, which tend to light .up the center of the bloom; robust grower, outstanding green foliage; especially adaptable for landscape planting; 9½ inch flowers, 31 in. tall. Time of bloom not given. No seedling number nor parentage given. Patent applied for.

Note: Awarded the American Peony Society’s Gold Medal in 1981.

(Nicholls, 1941) - Single - Pink - Early. Very large with two rows of petals of extra ordinary width. Light silvery pink paling to a halo around the yellow stamens. Does not fade. Strong; thrifty and blooms well. (#270 from Lady Alexandra Duff) Attractive

White, faintly flushed, fine substance. Foliage silver gray touched with crimson edges.

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Seedling 79H18-2. Parentage: Seedling 71Y6-1 x Seedling 74119-5. The seed-parent was a yellow single, yellow being the object of the cross. The pollen parent was a pink double. Has had prior distribution under the garden name “Bill’s Best Yellow.” First bloomed 1982. Light yellow DOUBLE. Flowers are round and double on established plants, semi-double on new plantings. Rounded petals have an irregular toothed edge. Green carpels (4-5) with red stigmas which are not visible on double flowers, but can be seen on semi-double blooms. Pollen bearing stamens are light yellow. Fertile both ways. Fragrance. Foliage is wide and deep green. Each stem produces 1 strong primary bud, but may have up to 3 more secondary buds, making a long bloom season. Stems are tall (36 inches (90 cm)) and strong. No staking is needed. Rapid growth rate.

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Solara. Bremer. 2018. Advanced generation herbaceous hybrid. (Roy Phersons Best Yellow x Vanilla Schnapps). Seedling #NB40. Single yellow with large wide pleated (like crepe paper) petals. Selected from a long cross for its exceptionally well colored flowers and good plant habits. Images often show this as being a light yellow flower, it is truly a bright well defined yellow that can be seen across the garden. The far left image is a good representation of the coloration. Brilliant red stigmas sit atop light green carpels which are covered in white hairs. An incomplete red disc is not easily visible. Filaments are yellow for most of their length, but have red bases. Anthers yellow with much pollen. Up to 6 side buds extent the season for weeks. Easily fertile both ways. Awarded a certificate of merit, Solara advanced to the Court of Honor at the 2017 APS Convention and was the winner of the best seedling. The vigorous plants stand 38 inches high and make a rounded bush of equal or greater dimensions. Foliage is deep green and healthy throughout the growing season. Excellent display of flowers need no support. A bee magnet, makes it a wonderful garden plant. Named Solara, Spanish for the sun.

A solitary flower is a single bloom that stands alone on a stem, rather than being part of a cluster or inflorescence

Seedling 99/035. Parentage: Raised from open polliated mixed Gansu Mudan seeds. First bloomed 1999. First propagated 2014. SEMI-DOUBLE with 3-4 rows of petals. One flower per stem, 16 cm (6¼") in size. Petals pink, darker near the flares, then fading to creamy pink at petal’s edge. Dark red flares extend about a quarter of petal's length, with bleeding edges. Petals cupped. Carpels white, moderately hairy, 5 in number. Stigmas white, normal anatomy. Pollen-bearing stamens, filaments red at base, creamy pink at tip. Sheath white, complete. Fragrance. Blooms early/mid-season. Typical Gansu Mudan foliage. Spreading upright growth to 120 cm (48"). A healthy and vigorous grower. The flower reminds the originator of an early peaceful sunrise and is thus named for composer Ruggero Leoncavallo’s song "Mattinata",which means morning. To be propagated and distributed by W. Giessler, Gross-Rosenburg, Germany

Seedling 99/036. Parentage: Raised from open polliated mixed Gansu Mudan seeds. First bloomed 1999. First propagated 2014. SEMI-DOUBLE with 5 rows of petals. One flower per stem, 20 cm (8") in size. Lilac pink petals with black flares extending one quarter the petal’s length. Flares have a blurred edge. Petals are cupped with minor twisting and folding contributing to ruffled appearance. Carpels white, moderately hairy, 5 in number. Stigmas white, normal anatomy. Pollen-bearing stamens, filaments red at base, white at tip. Sheath white, complete. Fragrance. Blooms early/mid-season. Typical Gansu Mudan foliage. Spreading upright growth to 150 cm (59"). A healthy and vigorous grower and an eye-catcher in the garden. Named to acknowledge the 5 rows of petals. To be propagated and distributed by W. Giessler, Gross-Rosenburg, Germany.

Seedling 99/034. Parentage: Raised from open polliated mixed Gansu Mudan seeds. First bloomed 1999. First propagated 2014. SINGLE with 2-3 rows of petals. One flower per stem, 16 cm (6¼") in size. Fragrance. Dark red flares extend quarter of petal's length, with bleeding edges. Petals pale pink fading to white at tips. Carpels white, moderately hairy, 5 in number. Stigmas white, normal anatomy. Pollen-bearing stamens, filaments dark pink at base, grading to white at the tips. Sheath white, complete. Blooms early/mid-season. Typical Gansu Mudan foliage. Spreading upright growth habit to 100 cm (40"). Has a lovely flower character with petals held cupped, hence the name which is an archaic adjective meaning sweet or lovely, now remaining as a musical term to indicate tender or gentle. Like its sister seedlings it is a healthy and vigorous plant. To be propagated and distributed by W. Giessler, Gross-Rosenburg, Germany.

HERBACEOUS HYBRID. Seedling number 84-2/MM03. Has previously been distributed to selected growers under seedling number MM03. Parentage unknown, but colour and fertility suggest it is an advanced generation hybrid. First bloomed prior to 1997. First year propagated, 1998. SINGLE. Flowers are pale yellow (RHS 1D), 6 inches (15 cm) across, with rounded petals. Colour retained until petal drop. The plant is very floriferous, with sidebuds occurring frequently. Two carpels on average, moderately hairy. Stigmas pale pink having normal anatomy. Pollen bearing stamens are more than ¾ inch long (15 mm), with uniform yellow filaments. Staminodal disc is well developed complete, and white. Pale yellow-green foliage on emergence, matures to light green. Upright plant with slightly relaxed habit when compared to other Ménard seedlings though mechanical support not required. Stems average 85 cm (33.5 inches) in height. Blooms early/midseason. Much admired and considered one of the very best of the seedlings resulting from the work of Québec peony breeder Maurice Ménard. Named in honour of Sonia Hélène Labatt, Ph.D., by her husband Arthur Labatt, in celebration of their 50th wedding anniversary. A donation to the SPCA Montérègie has been made in Dr. Labatt’s name for the privilege of naming this peony.

Herbaceous hybrid. Single. Lacti x Otto Froebel. Fringed light pink.

Seedling: Tolomeo Itoh #61. Parentage: Lactiflora seedling L59 x Boreas. First bloomed 2011, propagated since 2010. Single deep rose red flowers, up to 3 per stem, with a bright ring of yellow stamens and bright pink stigmas. Flower size 5 inches (12.7 cm). Small flares, same hue as the petals but more intensely pigmented, extend to 15% of the petal’s length. Bright red sheath. A stunning flower to look at. Carpels green, average 5 in number, smooth. Stigmas bright red rose-pink. Pollen not observed and no seeds. Plants reach 34 inches (86 cm) in height and display flowers well. Irene sent this plant to us, along with a number of other promising unregistered Intersectionals and woody peonies in her last year of life. She had not seen 'Sonoma by the Bay' bloom, but thought the plant habit promising. The plant is named for the Bay area of California where Irene resided. We appreciate her generosity and her enthusiasm for hybridizing.

Parentage P01898 (an APS seedling) X Salmon Dream. Semi-double hybrid. First bloomed 1999. Dark maroon red. Good substance, stamens, pollen, seeds, one to three buds per stem. An easy bloomer, 30" with adequate stems, midseason bloom, above average vigor

sepal: each of the parts of the calyx of a flower, enclosing the petals and typically green and leaflike

Semi-double bright yellow; tall plant; flowers well held up. A re-bloomer. Flares crimson; filaments short, uneven lengths, reddish. Stigmas cream; sheath pale cream.

 

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Peony ‘High Noon’ may possibly be one of Professor Saunders most well known hybrid tree peonies. It was introduced in 1952, a year before his death. Unusual for tree peonies, it blooms not only in late spring but also again in late summer or early fall. ‘High Noon’ has lemon yellow buds that open to a buttery yellow blossom with deep red flares at the base and carries a light but sweet lemon fragrance. Its blooms can reach 8” in diameter and will fade as it matures through beautiful tones of primrose and cream. Lucky for us, it is known as one of the easiest tree peonies to grow. . . Originator: A.P. Saunders Date: 1952 United States Group: Hybrid Tree Peony Color: Yellow Form: Semidouble Fragrance: Slight Season: Late spring and again in Fall Height: 5-6 feet . . . #peonies #peony #yellowpeony #peoniesaremyfavorite #peonyflower #peoniesplease

Een bericht gedeeld door American Peony Society (@americanpeonysociety) op 23 Mrt 2019 om 12:22 (PDT)

No seedling number, but propagated under the garden name “Yellow Double” from which the cultivar name is derived, and with limited distribution as “YeDo”. Parentage: an unnamed Lactiflora Gp seedling x Reath’s A-198, a Lutea Hybrid Gp seedling. First bloomed 2004, first propagated 2004. DOUBLE. Flowers are 6 or more inches in size, yellow, with the edges of the outer petals fading to an ivory picotee. Petals are slightly frilled and have pink flares which are normally obscured due to the fullness of the flower. Four to 6 carpels, light green. A few stamens, but no pollen. Sheath yellow, partial. Has typical Itoh foliage. Height at maturity average of 28 inches. Spreading plant but does not need mechanical support. No fragrance. 'Sonoma YeDo' is similar to 'Sonoma Halo', but more double. They share the same pollen parent but have different home grown unnamed Lactiflora seedlings as pod parent.

No seedling number. ITOH GROUP. Parentage: lactiflora seedling (#58) x Reath’s A-198 (lutea hybrid tree peony). First year bloomed, 2004. First year propagated, 2004. Fully DOUBLE yellow flowers, petals fading to creamy white along outer edges, one bloom per stem, 5½ inches diameter. Pink flares, but these are not a prominent feature due to fullness of the flower. Petals slightly ruffled. Carpels 4 to 6, smooth, light green, topped with pink, normal shaped stigmas. Sheath yellow. No stamens, no fertility noted. Leaflets typical, resembling tree peony parent. Height to 28 inches with spreading habit but not needing mechanical support. On petal fall, the sepals remain, suggestive of single flowers, thus adding to continued garden interest.

(officinalis rubra X lactiflora) Rose form double, pure cherry red. Large flower, rather dwarf. Late for this group.

Soshi (Millet, s.d.) Lactiflora. Japanese type flower form. Medium size, bright amaranth purple, late. Staminodes pink-tinged on upper surface, with yellow edges and yellow filaments. Carpels smooth, with pink tips; disk serrate, faintly pink-tinged. Plant medium size, spreading. Reference: 1938-W&D:145.

A flat, circular plate below the carpels

[caption id="attachment_25438" align="alignleft" width="82"] Red disk below glabrous carpels in P. kesrouanensis. From: Hong De-Yuan "Peonies of the world", p. 71.[/caption]

bent or curved inwards or upwards, of leaf margins, curved towards the adaxial surface

Veitchi x Emodi. This and the Beresowskyi x Emodi strains are so closely alike that I prefer to offer them under the above names. The early strain blooms at the very beginning of the peony season; the other about a week later. These plants are graceful and unusual. The flowers, which are only moderate in size, resemble beautiful white anemones. They are slightly nodding and are borne on rather tall stems. The foliage is fern-like and very handsome. Sold as a strain only, the plants in each group being all closely alike.

Very dark red Jap. Good upright grower, vigorous, late, 34 inches. An improvement on Fuyajo. Seedling # JE-3.

Award of Landscape Merit (ALM) description: 'Charm' (Franklin, 1931) Lactiflora Group, Late mid-season, 38? — A lustrous and satiny, dark red Japanese form bloom with a center of the same red petaloids, etched yellow. Stiff and relatively straight stems angle outward gracefully to form a very large, harmoniously mounded, fountain of blooms. An eight-year-old plant matures to 40 or so stems that emerge from a relatively compact area. Although individual blooms are at their peak for a shorter duration than those of other lactifloras, plenty of side buds help 'Charm' maintain its striking presence in the landscape. One of the later Japanese form peonies to bloom.

Seedling TF-8. Parentage: (P. tenuifolia 'Plena' x P. tenuifolia 'Rosea')F2. First bloomed 2012, first propagated 2013. Fully double BOMB form. Baby pink flowers are borne 1 to a stem, 3¼ inches (8 cm) in size, up facing to slightly out facing. Two to three carpels on average which are glabrous to slightly tomentose, green and topped with whitish stigmas, the latter sometimes deformed. Disc poorly developed. No pollen, but as a pod parent normally fertile but not with other pink P. tenuifolia, so far. Not fragrant. Blooming time very early, together with or slightly ahead of P. tenuifolia 'Plena'. Finely cut foliage, pale green on emergence, is typical of the species. Average height to 15 inches (38 cm); support not needed. Named after originator's mother who was not the tallest person but the best mother one can imagine.